Which statement reflects Ceci's view about intelligence?

Which statement reflects Ceci's view about intelligence?

• A. There are no intelligent people, only people intelligent in certain domains.
• B. There is a single general intelligence factor (g).
• C. Intelligence is completely determined by heredity.
• D. Intelligence cannot be influenced by context or environment.

Answer: (D)

Intelligence is shaped by the context in which it is tested. Ceci argues that performance on intellectual tasks is not a fixed, context-free trait but is influenced by factors such as the situation, prior knowledge, motivation, and how a task is framed or presented. When problems are set in familiar contexts, when learners have relevant background knowledge, or when the testing environment supports them, performance can improve—even if underlying abilities remain the same. Conversely, unfamiliar contexts or poorly structured tasks can suppress performance. So, the idea that intelligence cannot be influenced by context or environment runs counter to Ceci’s view, which sees intelligence as dynamic and responsive to situational factors rather than a single, immutable attribute.

Intelligence is shaped by the context in which it is tested. Ceci argues that performance on intellectual tasks is not a fixed, context-free trait but is influenced by factors such as the situation, prior knowledge, motivation, and how a task is framed or presented. When problems are set in familiar contexts, when learners have relevant background knowledge, or when the testing environment supports them, performance can improve—even if underlying abilities remain the same. Conversely, unfamiliar contexts or poorly structured tasks can suppress performance. So, the idea that intelligence cannot be influenced by context or environment runs counter to Ceci’s view, which sees intelligence as dynamic and responsive to situational factors rather than a single, immutable attribute.